India is a vast and diverse nation. Each state boasts of its unique features. As soon as you cross over to one state from another, you will notice a distinct change in all possible aspects. An experienced eye will be able to spot the differences between the facial features as well. Apart from this, the start dissimilarity between the customs, rituals, food habits and lifestyle of the people is overwhelming. It is perhaps due to this vast diversity that foreign tourists cannot get enough of India, and come back for more. The Indian government has developed the tourism sector in all the states to highlight the distinct nature of each state.
One Indian state that has cemented its position among the top-5 tourist destinations for foreigners is Bihar. Apart from the rich culture, heritage and the history of the area, flora, and fauna will also mesmerize both national and international tourists.
Climatic impact on Bihar’s flora and fauna
Bihar is in the eastern part of India. The state boundary covers a total of 94163 km2. So, it is easy to guess that the climatic features will not be uniform throughout this area. As the climatic conditions change, it impacts flora and fauna of the region directly. Thus, you may see a particular flower in one district in abundance, while it is missing in another. To understand this discrepancy, you must study the geographical and climatic aspects of the state. The answer to the question ‘bihar me kitne jile hai’ is 38, but a keen and experienced explorer will identify that each region has some native form of vegetation that is missing in the others.
Bihar has a subtropical climate. People, living in the area have to endure chilling winters and hot summers. There is no scarcity of fertile land as the area traversed by mighty Ganges river, along with three of her tributaries. The deposition of silt makes this part ideal for agricultural and natural growth of plants, which are indigenous to this area. The lush vegetation offers adequate food for a diverse species of animals as well. As the state has some of the biggest protected forests, you will witness some of the ferocious wild animals, found in the world.
An amazing range of flora
The northern part of the state is at the foothills of the great Himalayas. The area is covered with forests, which mainly house deciduous plants. As the area gets abundant rainfall, these deciduous forests are dense and shed their leaves during the winter months.
Peepal is the state tree of Bihar, while Kachnar has garnered the honor of the state flower. Apart from this, sal, salai, kendu, asan, bahera, arjun, and paisar are other common trees, which grow all over the state. The western part of Bihar shares the damp climate of West Bengal. The concentration of the mahua trees is high in this area. The population of these trees fades as you travel towards central Bihar. The vegetation in the central area mainly comprises of shrubs and bushes. Most of the flat plains have been cleared and used for agricultural practices.
Some of the other types of flora in Bihar are Holarrhena antidysenterica, Ziziphus xylopyrus, Flemingia chappar, Smilex protifrera, Bauhinia vahlii, Butea parviflora, and Butea superba. If you are interested in spending some quality time with nature, then a trip to Bihar must be on your bucket list.
Discovering the diverse fauna
A land, as rich in vegetation is bound to have a vast array of fauna in Bihar as well. You will be amazed at the variety of animal life that is available on land as well as in water. The mighty river Ganga and agile Brahmaputra house a special breed of smaller dolphins, which are called “susu” by the natives. The overall length of these water animals can range between 2.3 and 2.6 meters. Animal experts say that the body color of these dolphins is either lead-grey or black.
If you are lucky, you can spot one of the wild tigers, roaming like a king in the dense forests. There are five national parks in the state, which are a secure abode for the carnivores as well as the herbivores. The Valmiki National Park is famous for its tiger sightings. Rajgir Wildlife Sanctuary offers refuge to wild buffalo, rhinoceros, wild dogs and flying foxes, leopards and hyenas.
If you are interested in bird watching, then Kanwar Lake Bird Sanctuary is the perfect place for you. This lake offers residence to a number of migratory birds, especially during the spring and winters. The Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary has a considerable population of panthers, sloths, and antelopes. Additionally, you will find an unending species of birds, perching on the tree branches.
Final Thoughts
People, who fancy traveling to new places, to discover the hidden gems, associated with flora and fauna will appreciate what Bihar has in store for them. The fantastic flora and fauna in Bihar will offer tranquility, with a hint of adventure and excitement.
Salman is a prolific environmental writer, and has authored more than 500 articles in reputed journals, magazines and websites. He is proactively engaged in creating mass awareness on renewable energy, waste management, sustainability and conservation all over the world.
Salman can be reached on salman@cleantechloops.com
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